Author(s):
- Işil Oygür
- Daniel A. Epstein
- Yunan Chen
Abstract:
Commercial activity trackers are increasingly being designed for children as young as 3 years old. However, we have limited understanding of family use practices around these trackers. To provide an overall view of how families naturally use activity trackers towards collaborative management of family health, we systematically identified 9 trackers designed for children available on 4 consumer electronics retailers. Our data is composed of 2,628 user reviews both from the consumer retailers (for the wearables) and mobile application stores (for the associated apps). Our findings indicate children’s and parents’ collaborative use of these technologies beyond health and wellness. Parents state that their children enjoy practicing independence and rewards while contributing to family health management and daily life requirements. Parents expect these devices to ease their life and to teach their children to become more responsible for their health, daily tasks, and schedule. However, the current designs give limited agency on child’s side and require parents’ active participation for wearable-app coordination. For these reasons, they do not fully address parents’ expectations in decreasing their workload. On the other hand, they have the potential to facilitate family interaction with challenges structured around the data reported through trackers.
Documentation:
https://doi.org/10.1145/3415228
References:
- Ashish Amresh, Annmarie Lyles, Leigh Small, and Kevin Gary. 2017. FitBit Garden: A Mobile Game Designed to Increase Physical Activity in Children. In Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Digital Health (DH ’17). 200–201. https://doi.org/10.1145/3079452.3079457
- Swamy Ananthanarayan, Katie Siek, and Michael Eisenberg. 2016. A Craft Approach to Health Awareness in Children. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM Conference on Designing Interactive Systems (DIS ’16). 724–735. https: //doi.org/10.1145/2901790.2901888
- Christine M. Beckman and Melissa Mazmanian. 2020. Dreams of the Overworked: Living, Working and Parenting in the Digital Age. Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA.
- Michael Bittman, James Mahmud Rice, and Judy Wajcman. 2004. Appliances and Their Impact: The Ownership of Domestic Technology and Time Spent on Household Work. The British Journal of Sociology 55, 3 (Sept. 2004), 401–423. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468–4446.2004.00026.x
- Lindsay Blackwell, Emma Gardiner, and Sarita Schoenebeck. 2016. Managing Expectations: Technology Tensions among Parents and Teens. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing (CSCW ’16). 1390–1401. https://doi.org/10.1145/2818048.2819928
- Jeanette Blomberg and Helena Karasti. 2013. Reflections on 25 Years of Ethnography in CSCW. Computer Supported Cooperative Work 22, 4 (Jan. 2013), 373–423. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10606-012- 9183–1
- Clara Caldeira, Yu Chen, Lesley Chan, Vivian Pham, Yunan Chen, and Kai Zheng. 2017. Mobile Apps for Mood Tracking: An Analysis of Features and User Reviews. In AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings. 495–504. https: //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5977660/
- Kathy Charmaz. 2006. Constructing Grounded Theory: A Practical Guide through Qualitative Analysis. Sage, London; Thousand Oaks, CA.
- Eun Kyoung Choe, Nicole B. Lee, Bongshin Lee, Wanda Pratt, and Julie A. Kientz. 2014. Understanding QuantifiedSelfers? Practices in Collecting and Exploring Personal Data. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’14). 1143–1152. https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557372
- James Clawson, Jessica A. Pater, Andrew D. Miller, Elizabeth D. Mynatt, and Lena Mamykina. 2015. No Longer Wearing: Investigating the Abandonment of Personal Health-tracking Technologies on Craigslist. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp ’15). 647–658. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact., Vol. 4, No. CSCW2, Article 157. Publication date: October 2020. 157:20 Oygür et al. https://doi.org/10.1145/2750858.2807554
- Nathalie Colineau and Cécile Paris. 2011. Motivating Reflection about Health within the Family: The Use of Goal Setting and Tailored Feedback. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 21, 4 (Oct. 2011), 341–376. https: //doi.org/10.1007/s11257-010–9089-x
- Sunny Consolvo, Predrag Klasnja, David W. McDonald, Daniel Avrahami, Jon Froehlich, Louis LeGrand, Ryan Libby, Keith Mosher, and James A. Landay. 2008. Flowers or a Robot Army?: Encouraging Awareness & Activity with Personal, Mobile Displays. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp ’08). 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1145/1409635.1409644
- Daniel A. Epstein, Nicole B. Lee, Jennifer H. Kang, Elena Agapie, Jessica Schroeder, Laura R. Pina, James Fogarty, and Sean Munson. 2017. Examining Menstrual Tracking to Inform the Design of Personal Informatics Tools. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’17). 6876–6888. https://doi.org/10.1145/ 3025453.3025635
- Daniel A. Epstein, An Ping, James Fogarty, and Sean A. Munson. 2015. A Lived Informatics Model of Personal Informatics. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp ’15). 731–742. https://doi.org/10.1145/2750858.2804250
- Fitbit. 2020. Fitbit Ace 2 | Activity Tracker. Retrieved 2020-01–13 from https://www.fitbit.com/ace2
- Aristea Fotopoulou and Kate O’Riordan. 2017. Training to Self-Care: Fitness Tracking, Biopedagogy and the Healthy Consumer. Health Sociology Review 26, 1 (2017), 54–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/14461242.2016.1184582
- Kerstin Frie, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Susan Jebb, Charlotte Albury, Rebecca Nourse, and Paul Aveyard. 2017. Insights from Google Play Store User Reviews for the Development of Weight Loss Apps: Mixed-Method Analysis. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 5, 12 (Dec. 2017), e203:1–e203:14. https://doi.org/10.2196/mhealth.8791
- Bin Fu, Jialiu Lin, Lei Li, Christos Faloutsos, Jason Hong, and Norman Sadeh. 2013. Why People Hate Your App: Making Sense of User Feedback in a Mobile App Store. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD ’13). 1276–1284. https://doi.org/10.1145/2487575.2488202
- Andrew Garbett, David Chatting, Gerard Wilkinson, Clement Lee, and Ahmed Kharrufa. 2018. ThinkActive: Designing for Pseudonymous Activity Tracking in the Classroom. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’18). 7:1–7:13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173581
- Radhika Garg and Christopher Moreno. 2019. Understanding Motivators, Constraints, and Practices of Sharing Internet of Things. In Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies. 44:1–44:21. https://doi.org/10.1145/3328915
- Radhika Garg and Subhasree Sengupta. 2019. “When you can do it, why can’t I?”: Racial and Socioeconomic Differences in Family Technology Use and Non-Use. PACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3, CSCW (Nov. 2019), 63:1–63:22. https://doi.org/10.1145/3359165
- Arup Kumar Ghosh, Karla Badillo-Urquiola, Shion Guha, Joseph J. LaViola Jr, and Pamela J. Wisniewski. 2018. Safety vs. Surveillance: What Children Have to Say about Mobile Apps for Parental Control. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’18). 1–14. https://doi.org/ttps://doi.org/10.1145/3173574. 3173698
- Arup Kumar Ghosh, Karla Badillo-Urquiola, Mary Beth Rosson, Heng Xu, John M. Carroll, and Pamela J. Wisniewski. 2018. A Matter of Control or Safety?: Examining Parental Use of Technical Monitoring Apps on Teens? Mobile Devices. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’18). 194:1–194:14. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173768
- Victoria A. Goodyear, Charlotte Kerner, and Mikael Quennerstedt. 2019. Young People’s Uses of Wearable Healthy Lifestyle Technologies; Surveillance, Self-Surveillance and Resistance. Sport, Education and Society 24, 3 (2019), 212–225. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2017.1375907
- Sandra Burri Gram-Hansen. 2019. Family Wearables — What Makes Them Persuasive? Behaviour & Information Technology (2019), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2019.1694993
- Andrea Grimes, Desney Tan, and Dan Morris. 2009. Toward Technologies that Support Family Reflections on Health. In Proceedings of the ACM 2009 International Conference on Supporting Group Work (GROUP ’09). 311–320. https://doi.org/10.1145/1531674.1531721
- Lauren Hale and Stanford Guan. 2015. Screen Time and Sleep among School-Aged Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Literature Review. Sleep Medicine Reviews 21 (June 2015), 50–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2014.07.007
- Sharon Hays. 1998. The Cultural Contradictions of Motherhood (revised ed.). Yale University Press, New Haven, CT.
- Alexis Hiniker, Bongshin Lee, Julie A. Kientz, and Jenny S. Radesky. 2018. Let’s Play!: Digital and Analog Play between Preeschoolers and Parents. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’18). 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3174233
- Alexis Hiniker, Sarita Y. Schoenebeck, and Julie A. Kientz. 2016. Not at the Dinner Table: Parents? and Children’s Perspectives on Family Technology Rules. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact., Vol. 4, No. CSCW2, Article 157. Publication date: October 2020. Raising the Responsible Child: Collaborative Work in the Use of Activity Trackers for Children 157:21 Work & Social Computing (CSCW ’16). 1376–1389. https://doi.org/10.1145/2818048.2819940
- Alexis Hiniker, Kiley Sobel, Hyewon Suh, Yi-Chen Sung, Charlotte P. Lee, and Julie A. Kientz. 2015. Texting while Parenting: How Adults Use Mobile Phones while Caring for Children at the Playground. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’15). 727–736. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702199
- Arlie Hochschild and Anne Machung. 2012. The Second Shift: Working Families and the Revolution at Home (revised ed.). Penguin Books, New York, NY.
- Janell Burley Hofmann. 2014. iRules: What Every Tech-Healthy Family Needs to Know about Selfies, Sexting, Gaming, and Growing Up. Rodale Books, Emmaus, PA.
- Nan Hu, Indranil Bose, Noi Sian Koh, and Ling Liu. 2012. Manipulation of Online Reviews: An Analysis of Ratings, Readability, and Sentiments. Decision Support Systems 52, 3 (Feb. 2012), 674–684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2011.11. 002
- Nan Hu, Paul A. Pavlou, and Jennifer Zhang. 2006. Can Online Reviews Reveal a Product’s True Quality?: Empirical Findings and Analytical Modeling of Online Word-of-Mouth Communication. In Proceedings of the 7th ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce (EC ’06). 324–330. https://doi.org/10.1145/1134707.1134743
- Nan Hu, Jie Zhang, and Paul A. Pavlou. 2009. Overcoming the J-shaped Distribution of Product Reviews. Commun. ACM 52, 10 (Oct. 2009), 144–147. https://doi.org/10.1145/1562764.1562800
- Hilary Hutchinson, Wendy Mackay, Bo Westerlund, Benjamin B. Bederson, Allison Druin, Catherine Plaisant, Michel Beaudouin-Lafon, Stéphane Conversy, Helen Evans, Heiko Hansen, Nicolas Roussel, and Björn Eiderbäck. 2003. Technology Probes: Inspiring Design for and with Families. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’03). 17–24. https://doi.org/10.1145/642611.642616
- Nur Fatini Ismail, Mohd Hilmi Hasan, and Emy Elyanee Mustapha. 2017. Literature Review on Technology Usage and Emotional Connection among Children. In 2017 International Conference on Research and Innovation in Information Systems (ICRIIS ’17). 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRIIS.2017.8002538
- Sara Isola and Jerry Alan Fails. 2012. Family and Design in the IDC and CHI Communities. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC ’12). 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1145/2307096.2307102
- Hee Young Jeong, Gillian R. Hayes, Tae-Jung Yun, Ja-Young Sung, Gregory D. Abowd, and Rosa I. Arriaga. 2011. Act Collectively: Opportunities for Technologies to Support Low-Income Children with Asthma. In Proceedings of HCI 2011 The 25th BCS Conference on Human Computer Interaction. 413–420. https://doi.org/10.14236/ewic/HCI2011.72
- Mikkel S. Jørgensen, Frederik K. Nissen, Jeni Paay, Jesper Kjeldskov, and Mikael B. Skov. 2016. Monitoring Children’s Physical Activity and Sleep: A Study of Surveillance and Information Disclosure. In Proceedings of the 28th Australian Conference on Computer-Human Interaction (OzCHI ’16). 50–58. https://doi.org/10.1145/3010915.3010936
- Elizabeth Kaziunas, Mark S. Ackerman, Silvia Lindtner, and Joyce M. Lee. 2017. Caring Through Data: Attending to the Social and Emotional Experiences of Health Datafication. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW ’17). 2260–2272. https://doi.org/10.1145/2998181.2998303
- Julie A. Kientz, Rosa I. Arriaga, Marshini Chetty, Gillian R. Hayes, Jahmeilah Richardson, Shwetak N. Patel, and Gregory D. Abowd. 2007. Grow and Know: Understanding Record-Keeping Needs for Tracking the Development of Young Children. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’07). 1351–1360. https://doi.org/10.1145/1240624.1240830
- Nikolaos Korfiatis, Elena García-Bariocanal, and Salvador Sánchez-Alonso. 2012. Evaluating Content Quality and Helpfulness of Online Product Reviews: The Interplay of Review Helpfulness vs. Review Content. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications 11, 3 (May-June 2012), 205–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2011.10.003
- Angela Lashbrook. 2019–11–27. Don’t Buy a Fitness Tracker for Your Kid. Retrieved 2020-01-06 from https://onezero. medium.com/dont-buy-a-fitness-tracker-for-your-kid-b4ee429d359d
- Alexis R. Lauricella, Ellen Wartella, and Victoria J. Rideout. 2015. Young Children’s Screen Time: The Complex Role of Parent and Child Factors. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology 36 (Jan.-Feb. 2015), 11–17. https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2014.12.001
- Victor R. Lee and Joel Drake. 2013. Quantified Recess: Design of an Activity for Elementary Students Involving Analyses of Their Own Movement Data. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC ’13). 273–276. https://doi.org/10.1145/2485760.2485822
- Kai Lukoff, Taoxi Li, Yuan Zhuang, and Brian Y. Lim. 2018. TableChat: Mobile Food Journaling to Facilitate Family Support for Healthy Eating. PACM on Human-Computer Interaction 2, CSCW (Nov. 2018), 114:1–114:28. https: //doi.org/10.1145/3274383
- Kelly A. Mackintosh, Stephanie E. Chappel, Jo Salmon, Anna Timperio, Kylie Ball, Helen Brown, Susie Macfarlane, and Nicola D. Ridgers. 2019. Parental Perspectives of a Wearable Activity Tracker for Children Younger Than 13 Years: Acceptability and Usability Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 7, 11 (Nov. 2019), e13858:1–e13858:16. https: //doi.org/10.2196/13858 Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact., Vol. 4, No. CSCW2, Article 157. Publication date: October 2020.
- Brittany Masteller, John Sirard, and Patty Freedson. 2017. The Physical Activity Tracker Testing in Youth (P.A.T.T.Y.) Study: Content Analysis and Children’s Perceptions. JMIR mHealth and uHealth 5, 4 (April 2017), e55:1–e55:9. https://doi.org/10.2196/mhealth.6347
- Melissa Mazmanian and Simone Lanette. 2017. “Okay, One More Episode”: An Ethnography of Parenting in the Digital Age. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW ’17). 2273–2286. https://doi.org/10.1145/2998181.2998218
- Andrew D. Miller and Elizabeth D. Mynatt. 2014. StepStream: A School-based Pervasive Social Fitness System for Everyday Adolescent Health. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’14). 2823–2832. https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557190
- Gerard Montasell. 2019. Most Popular Online Stores in the Electronics and Media Segment in the United States in 2018, by E-Commerce Net Sales. Retrieved 2019-09–19 from https://www.statista.com/statistics/646073/top-online-electronicsmedia-stores-united-states-revenues/
- Jan Müller, Anna-Maria Hoch, Vanessa Zoller, and Renate Oberhoffer. 2018. Feasibility of Physical Activity Assessment with Wearable Devices in Children Aged 4–10 Years?A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Pediatrics 6 (Jan. 2018). https: //doi.org/10.3389/fped.2018.00005
- Margaret K. Nelson. 2010. Parenting Out of Control: Anxious Parents in Uncertain Times. NYU Press, New York, NY.
- Dennis Pagano and Walid Maalej. 2013. User Feedback in the Appstore: An Empirical Study. In 2013 21st IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference. 125–134. https://doi.org/10.1109/RE.2013.6636712
- Laura R. Pina, Sang-Wha Sien, Clarissa Song, Teresa M. Ward, James Fogarty, Sean A. Munson, and Julie A. Kientz. 2020. DreamCatcher: Exploring How Parents and School-Age Children Can Track and Review Sleep Information Together. PACM on Human-Computer Interaction 4, CSCW1 (May 2020), 70:1–70:25. https://doi.org/10.1145/3392882
- Laura R. Pina, Sang-Wha Sien, Teresa Ward, Jason C. Yip, Sean A. Munson, James Fogarty, and Julie A. Kientz. 2017. From Personal Informatics to Family Informatics: Understanding Family Practices Around Health Monitoring. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW ’17). 2300–2315. https://doi.org/10.1145/2998181.2998362
- Daniel Romer, Zhanna Bagdasarov, and Eian More. 2013. Older versus Newer Media and the Well-Being of United States Youth: Results from a National Longitudinal Panel. The Journal of Adolescent Health: Official Publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine 52, 5 (May 2013), 613–619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.11.012
- Herman Saksono, Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa, Jessica Hoffman, Vivien Morris, Magy Seif El-Nasr, and Andrea G. Parker. 2020. Storywell: Designing for Family Fitness App Motivation by Using Social Rewards and Reflection. In Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’20). 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3313831. 3376686
- Herman Saksono, Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa, Jessica Hoffman, Magy Seif El-Nasr, Vivien Morris, and Andrea G. Parker. 2018. Family Health Promotion in Low-SES Neighborhoods: A Two-Month Study of Wearable Activity Tracking. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’18). 309:1–309:13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173883
- Herman Saksono, Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa, Jessica Hoffman, Magy Seif El-Nasr, Vivien Morris, and Andrea G. Parker. 2019. Social Reflections on Fitness Tracking Data: A Study with Families in Low-SES Neighborhoods. In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’19). 313:1–313:14. https: //doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300543
- Herman Saksono, Ashwini Ranade, Geeta Kamarthi, Carmen Castaneda-Sceppa, Jessica A. Hoffman, Cathy Wirth, and Andrea G. Parker. 2015. Spaceship Launch: Designing a Collaborative Exergame for Families. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing (CSCW ’15). 1776–1787. https://doi.org/10.1145/2675133.2675159
- Christine Satchell and Paul Dourish. 2009. Beyond the User: Use and Non-Use in HCI. In Proceedings of the 21st Annual Conference of the Australian Computer-Human Interaction Special Interest Group: Design: Open 24/7 (OzCHI ’09). 9–16. https://doi.org/10.1145/1738826.1738829
- Christopher L. Schaefbauer, Danish U. Khan, Amy Le, Garrett Sczechowski, and Katie A. Siek. 2015. Snack Buddy: Supporting Healthy Snacking in Low Socioeconomic Status Families. In Proceedings of the 18th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing (CSCW ’15). 1045–1057. https://doi.org/10.1145/2675133. 2675180
- Sara E. Schaefer, Cynthia Carter Ching, Heather Breen, and J. Bruce German. 2016. Wearing, Thinking, and Moving: Testing the Feasibility of Fitness Tracking with Urban Youth. American Journal of Health Education 47, 1 (Jan. 2016), 8–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/19325037.2015.1111174
- Hanna Schäfer, Joachim Bachner, Sebastian Pretscher, Georg Groh, and Yolanda Demetriou. 2018. Study on Motivating Physical Activity in Children with Personalized Gamified Feedback. In Adjunct Publication of the 26th Conference on User Modeling, Adaptation and Personalization (UMAP ’18). 221–226. https://doi.org/10.1145/3213586.3225227 Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact., Vol. 4, No. CSCW2, Article 157. Publication date: October 2020. Raising the Responsible Child: Collaborative Work in the Use of Activity Trackers for Children 157:23
- Liu Shanhong. 2019. Sales of the Leading 10 Consumer Electronics Retailers in North America from 2015 to 2018. Retrieved 2019-09–19 from https://www.statista.com/statistics/642322/leading-consumer-electronics-retailers-of-the-us/
- Susan Leigh Star and Anselm Strauss. 1999. Layers of Silence, Arenas of Voice: The Ecology of Visible and Invisible Work. Computer Supported Cooperative Work 8, 1 (March 1999), 9–30. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008651105359
- Catherine Steiner-Adair and Teresa H. Barker. 2014. The Big Disconnect: Protecting Childhood and Family Relationships in the Digital Age (reprint ed.). Harper Paperbacks, New York, NY.
- Anselm Strauss. 1985. Work and the Division of Labor. The Sociological Quarterly 26, 1 (Dec. 1985), 1–19. https: //doi.org/10.1111/j.1533–8525.1985.tb00212.x
- Lucy Suchman. 1995. Making Work Visible. Commun. ACM 38, 9 (Sept. 1995), 56–65. https://doi.org/10.1145/223248. 223263
- Haichun Sun. 2013. Impact of Exergames on Physical Activity and Motivation in Elementary School Students: A Follow-Up Study. Journal of Sport and Health Science 2, 3 (Sept. 2013), 138–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2013.02.003
- Tammy Toscos, Kay Connelly, and Yvonne Rogers. 2012. Best Intentions: Health Monitoring Technology and Children. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’12). 1431–1440. https: //doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208603
- Tammy Toscos, Anne Faber, Shunying An, and Mona Praful Gandhi. 2006. Chick Clique: Persuasive Technology to Motivate Teenage Girls to Exercise. In CHI ’06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA ’06). 1873–1878. https://doi.org/10.1145/1125451.1125805
- Rajesh Vasa, Leonard Hoon, Kon Mouzakis, and Akihiro Noguchi. 2012. A Preliminary Analysis of Mobile App User Reviews. In Proceedings of the 24th Australian Computer-Human Interaction Conference (OzCHI ’12). 241–244. https://doi.org/10.1145/2414536.2414577
- Maureen R. Weiss. 2000. Motivating Kids in Physical Activity. President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports Research Digest 3, 11 (Sept. 2000), 1–6. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED470695
- WHO. 2019. Guidelines on Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep for Children under 5 years of age. Retrieved 2020-01-06 from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/311664/9789241550536-eng.pdf’sequence= 1&isAllowed=y
- Sarita Yardi and Amy Bruckman. 2011. Social and Technical Challenges in Parenting Teens? Social Media Use. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI ’11). 3237–3246. https: //doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979422
- Tae-Jung Yun, Hee Young Jeong, Hee Rin Lee, Rosa I. Arriaga, and Gregory D. Abowd. 2010. Assessing Asthma Management Practices through In-Home Technology Probes. In 2010 4th International Conference on Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4108/ICST.PERVASIVEHEALTH2010.8839