Quantified Factory Worker – Expert Evaluation and Ethical Considerations of Wearable Self-tracking Devices

by | Oct 17, 2018 | Research Publications

Author(s):

  • Heikkilä, Päivi
  • Honka, Anita
  • Mach, Sebastian
  • Schmalfuß, Franziska
  • Kaasinen, Eija
  • Väänänen, Kaisa

Abstract:

Following the Quantified Self trend, everyday self-tracking practices have become common. Still, self-monitoring of people at work is a rather new research topic. Self-tracking of employees’ activities, mental state and emotions enables data-based feedback, which could improve the employees’ awareness of issues influencing their well-being and performance. We contribute to this topic from two perspectives. First, we explored the potential of wearable self-tracking devices for providing personal feedback to machine operators working in a factory. We used the expert evaluation method to lay ground to the user perspective of self-tracking at work. User experience experts evaluated five tracking devices for their user experience, perceived accuracy and fit to factory workers. Second, we conducted a workshop with the experts to systematically assess the ethical considerations that may arise when adopting self-tracking at work. The results provide insights into the potential of the use of self-tracking devices in a factory context.

Documentation:

https://doi.org/10.1145/3275116.3275119

References:
  1. Stavros Asimakopoulos, Grigorios Asimakopoulos, and Frank Spillers. 2017. Motivation and user engagement in fitness tracking: Heuristics for mobile healthcare wearables. Informatics 4(1), 5.
  2. Kathryn Buchanan and Dan Lockton. 2015. Understanding human connectivity and the Quantified Self. Working Papers of the Sustainable Society Network+.
  3. Meredith A. Case, Holland A. Burwick, Kevin G. Volpp, and Mitesh S. Patel. 2015. Accuracy of smartphone applications and wearable devices for tracking physical activity data. Jama 313, 6: 625–626.
  4. Eun K. Choe, Nicole B. Lee, Bongshin Lee, Wanda Pratt, and Julie A. Kientz. 2014. Understanding quantified-selfers’ practices in collecting and exploring personal data. In Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM conference on Human factors in computing systems, 1143–1152.  
  5. Benjamin Cowley, Marco Filetti, Kristian Lukander, Jari Torniainen, Andreas Henelius, Lauri Ahonen, Oswald Barral et al. 2016. The Psychophysiology Primer: A Guide to Methods and a Broad Review with a Focus on Human-Computer Interaction. Foundations and Trends® Human–Computer Interaction 9, 3-4: 151–308.  
  6. Batya Friedman, Peter H. Kahn Jr, Alan Borning, and Alina Huldtgren. 2013. Value sensitive design and information systems. In Early engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory, Springer, Netherlands, 55–95.
  7. Dominic Gorecky, Mathias Schmitt, Matthias Loskyll, and Detlef Zühlke. 2014. Human-machine-interaction in the industry 4.0 era. In Industrial Informatics (INDIN), 2014 12th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN), IEEE, 289–294.
  8. Cathal Gurrin, Alan F. Smeaton, and Aiden R. Doherty. 2014. Lifelogging: Personal big data. Foundations and Trends® in Information Retrieval 8, 1: 1–125.  
  9. Veikko Ikonen, Eija Kaasinen, and Marketta Niemelä. 2009. Defining Ethical Guidelines for Ambient Intelligence Applications on a Mobile Phone. In Intelligent Environments (Workshops), 261–268.
  10. Eija Kaasinen, Franziska Schmalfuß, Cemalettin Özturk, Susanna Aromaa, Menouer Boubekeuer, Juhani Heilala, Päivi Heikkilä, Timo Kuula et al. 2018. Empowering industrial workers with engaging factory adaptation solutions. Submitted to Computers & Industrial Engineering.
  11. Eija Kaasinen. 2009. User Acceptance of Mobile Services. International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction 1, 1: 79–97.
  12. Eleni Kosta, Olli Pitkänen, Marketta Niemelä, and Eija Kaasinen. 2010. Mobile-centric ambient intelligence in health- and homecare-anticipating ethical and legal challenges. Science and Engineering Ethics 16, 2: 303–323.
  13. Martin Lavallière, Arielle A. Burstein, Pedro Arezes, and Joseph F. Coughlin. 2016. Tackling the challenges of an aging workforce with the use of wearable technologies and the quantified-self. Dyna 83, 197: 38–43.
  14. Ian Li, Anind Dey, and Jodi Forlizzi. 2010. A stage-based model of personal informatics systems. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 557–566.  
  15. Xiao Li, Jessilyn Dunn, Denis Salins, Gao Zhou, Wenyu Zhou, Sophia M. Schüssler-Fiorenza Rose, Dalia Perelman et al. 2017. Digital Health: Tracking Physiomes and Activity Using Wearable Biosensors Reveals Useful Health-Related Information. PLoS Biology 15, 1:1–30.
  16. Deborah Lupton. 2016. The diverse domains of quantified selves: self-tracking modes and dataveillance. Economy and Society 45, 1: 101–122.
  17. MIT Technology Review: Stephen Wolfram on Personal Analytics. Retrieved June 19, 2017 from https://www.technologyreview. com/s/514356/stephen-wolfram-on-personal-analytics/
  18. Veronica P. Moore, and Lukasz Piwek. 2016. Regulating wellbeing in the brave new quantified workplace. Employee Relations 39, 3: 308–316.
  19. Céline E. Nihan. 2015. Ubiquitous computing in the workplace: ethical issues identified by the interdisciplinary IWE and HRM Research Group. In Ubiquitous Computing in the Workplace, 75–93. Springer International Publishing, 2015.
  20. Jeungmin Oh and Uichin Lee. 2015. Exploring UX issues in Quantified Self technologies. In Eighth International Conference on Mobile Computing and Ubiquitous Networking (ICMU), 53–59. IEEE.
  21. Lukasz Piwek, David A. Ellis, Sally Andrews, and Adam Joinson. 2016. The rise of consumer health wearables: promises and barriers. PLoS Medicine 13, 2: 1–9.
  22. Rock Health. 2016. Digital Health Consumer Adoption: Report, December, 2016. https://rockhealth.com/reports/digital-health-consumer-adoption-2016/
  23. John Rooksby, Mattias Rost, Alistair Morrison, and Matthew Chalmers. 2014. Personal tracking as lived informatics. In Proceedings of the 32nd annual ACM conference on Human factors in computing systems, 1163–1172.  
  24. Anna C. Shcherbina, Mikael Mattsson, Daryl Waggott, Heidi Salisbury, Jeffrey W. Christle, Trevor Hastie, Matthew T. Wheeler, and Euan A. Ashley. 2017. Accuracy in wrist-worn, sensor-based measurements of heart rate and energy expenditure in a diverse cohort. Journal of personalized medicine 7, 2: 3.
  25. Melanie Swan. 2012. Sensor Mania! The Internet of Things, Wearable Computing, Objective Metrics, and the Quantified Self 2.0. Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 1, 3: 217–253.
  26. Melanie Swan. 2013. The quantified self: fundamental disruption in big data science and biological discovery. Big Data 1, 2: 85–99.
  27. Kaisa Väänänen-Vainio-Mattila, and Minna Waljas. 2010. Evaluating user experience of cross-platform web services with a heuristic evaluation method. International Journal of Arts and Technology 3, 4: 402–421.
  28. David Wright. 2011. A framework for the ethical impact assessment of information technology. Ethics and information technology 13, 3: 199–226.